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「課後社團-Micro:bit(3)」目錄
MarkDown
17. 繼電器
1. keyestudio 37 in 1 Starter Kit for BBC micro:bit
1-1 套件清單
1-2 Keyestudio感測器擴充板
2. LED燈
2-1 閃爍LED
2-2 呼吸LED
2-3 LED閃爍與呼吸燈
3. 蜂鳴器
3-1 蜂鳴器模組發出聲音
3-2 蜂鳴器模組播放音樂
4. RGB LED模組更改顏色
5. 按鈕控制
6. 傾斜控制
7. 光遮斷器
8. 電容式觸控
9. 紅綠燈
10. 磁力感測
11. 循跡
12. 避障
13. 紅外線人體移動感測器
14. 火警警報
15. 碰撞感測器
16. 電磁開關
17. 繼電器
18. 超聲波測量距離
19. 燈光亮度
20. 類比溫度
21. 聲音傳感器
22. 類比旋轉電位器
23. 空氣中的酒精含量
24. 空氣中的易燃氣體
25. 環境溫度檢測
26. 環境光線亮度
27. 植物自動澆水器
28. 水位警報
29. 紫外線檢測
30. 空氣中的蒸氣
31. 壓力檢測
32. 震動控制LED燈開關
33. Joystick遊戲搖桿
34. 伺服馬達
35. 液晶模組
19. 燈光亮度
課後社團-Micro:bit(3) ================= <span style="font-size:18px"><span style="box-sizing:border-box"><span style="list-style:none"><span style="font-style:normal"><span style="font-weight:400"><span style="color:#494949"><span style="font-family:"Microsoft JhengHei UI", "Microsoft JhengHei", 微軟正黑體"><span style="font-variant-ligatures:normal"><span style="white-space:normal"><span style="text-decoration-thickness:initial"><span style="text-decoration-style:initial"><span style="text-decoration-color:initial"><span style="line-height:inherit"><span style="font-size: 1.13rem; max-width:100%"><span style="box-sizing:border-box"><span style="display:inline-block"><span style="box-sizing:border-box; max-width:100%"><span style="display:inline-block"><span style="font-family:微軟正黑體"><span style="">超聲波傳感器非常適合需要距離測量的各種項目，例如避免障礙物。</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span> <span style="font-size:18px"><span style="box-sizing:border-box"><span style="list-style:none"><span style="font-style:normal"><span style="font-weight:400"><span style="color:#494949"><span style="font-family:"Microsoft JhengHei UI", "Microsoft JhengHei", 微軟正黑體"><span style="font-variant-ligatures:normal"><span style="white-space:normal"><span style="text-decoration-thickness:initial"><span style="text-decoration-style:initial"><span style="text-decoration-color:initial"><span style="line-height:inherit"><span style="font-size: 1.13rem; max-width:100%"><span style="box-sizing:border-box"><span style="display:inline-block"><span style="box-sizing:border-box; max-width:100%"><span style="display:inline-block"><span style="font-family:微軟正黑體"><span style="">在這個單元中，將學習如何使用超聲波模組和micro:bit來檢測模組與前方障礙物之間的距離。</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span> <span style="font-size:18px"><span style="box-sizing:border-box"><span style="list-style:none"><span style="font-style:normal"><span style="font-weight:400"><span style="color:#494949"><span style="font-family:"Microsoft JhengHei UI", "Microsoft JhengHei", 微軟正黑體"><span style="font-variant-ligatures:normal"><span style="white-space:normal"><span style="text-decoration-thickness:initial"><span style="text-decoration-style:initial"><span style="text-decoration-color:initial"><span style="line-height:inherit"><span style="font-size: 1.13rem; max-width:100%"><span style="box-sizing:border-box"><span style="display:inline-block"><span style="box-sizing:border-box; max-width:100%"><span style="display:inline-block"><span style="font-family:微軟正黑體">**所需零件**</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span> - <span style="font-size: 1.13rem; max-width:100%"><span style="box-sizing:border-box"><span style="display:inline-block"><span style="box-sizing:border-box; max-width:100%"><span style="display:inline-block"><span style="font-family:微軟正黑體">Micro：bit主板\* 1</span></span></span></span></span></span> - <span style="font-size: 1.13rem; max-width:100%"><span style="box-sizing:border-box"><span style="display:inline-block"><span style="box-sizing:border-box; max-width:100%"><span style="display:inline-block"><span style="font-family:微軟正黑體">Keyestudio micro:bit 傳感器V2擴充版\* 1</span></span></span></span></span></span> - <span style="font-size: 1.13rem; max-width:100%"><span style="box-sizing:border-box"><span style="display:inline-block"><span style="box-sizing:border-box; max-width:100%"><span style="display:inline-block"><span style="font-family:微軟正黑體">USB傳輸線\* 1</span></span></span></span></span></span> - <span style="font-size: 1.13rem; max-width:100%"><span style="box-sizing:border-box"><span style="display:inline-block"><span style="box-sizing:border-box; max-width:100%"><span style="display:inline-block"><span style="font-family:微軟正黑體">keyestudio超聲波模組\* 1</span></span></span></span></span></span> - <span style="font-size: 1.13rem; max-width:100%"><span style="box-sizing:border-box"><span style="display:inline-block"><span style="box-sizing:border-box; max-width:100%"><span style="display:inline-block"><span style="font-family:微軟正黑體">杜邦跳線\* 4</span></span></span></span></span></span> <span style="font-size:18px"><span style="box-sizing:border-box"><span style="list-style:none"><span style="font-style:normal"><span style="font-weight:400"><span style="color:#494949"><span style="font-family:"Microsoft JhengHei UI", "Microsoft JhengHei", 微軟正黑體"><span style="font-variant-ligatures:normal"><span style="white-space:normal"><span style="text-decoration-thickness:initial"><span style="text-decoration-style:initial"><span style="text-decoration-color:initial"><span style="line-height:inherit"><span style="font-size: 1.13rem; max-width:100%"><span style="box-sizing:border-box"><span style="display:inline-block"><span style="box-sizing:border-box; max-width:100%"><span style="display:inline-block"><span style="font-family:微軟正黑體">**零件介紹**</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span> <span style="font-size:18px"><span style="box-sizing:border-box"><span style="list-style:none"><span style="font-style:normal"><span style="font-weight:400"><span style="color:#494949"><span style="font-family:"Microsoft JhengHei UI", "Microsoft JhengHei", 微軟正黑體"><span style="font-variant-ligatures:normal"><span style="white-space:normal"><span style="text-decoration-thickness:initial"><span style="text-decoration-style:initial"><span style="text-decoration-color:initial"><span style="line-height:inherit"><span style="font-size: 1.13rem; max-width:100%"><span style="box-sizing:border-box"><span style="display:inline-block"><span style="box-sizing:border-box; max-width:100%"><span style="display:inline-block"><span style="font-family:微軟正黑體">***超聲波模組：***</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span> <span style="font-size:18px"><span style="box-sizing:border-box"><span style="list-style:none"><span style="font-style:normal"><span style="font-weight:400"><span style="color:#494949"><span style="font-family:"Microsoft JhengHei UI", "Microsoft JhengHei", 微軟正黑體"><span style="font-variant-ligatures:normal"><span style="white-space:normal"><span style="text-decoration-thickness:initial"><span style="text-decoration-style:initial"><span style="text-decoration-color:initial"><span style="line-height:inherit"><span style="font-size: 1.13rem; max-width:100%"><span style="box-sizing:border-box"><span style="display:inline-block"><span style="box-sizing:border-box; max-width:100%"><span style="display:inline-block"><span style="font-family:微軟正黑體"><span style=""><span style="">超聲波檢測器模塊HC-SR04可以提供2cm-450cm的非接觸式測量距離，其測距精度可達3mm。</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span> <span style="font-size:18px"><span style="box-sizing:border-box"><span style="list-style:none"><span style="font-style:normal"><span style="font-weight:400"><span style="color:#494949"><span style="font-family:"Microsoft JhengHei UI", "Microsoft JhengHei", 微軟正黑體"><span style="font-variant-ligatures:normal"><span style="white-space:normal"><span style="text-decoration-thickness:initial"><span style="text-decoration-style:initial"><span style="text-decoration-color:initial"><span style="line-height:inherit"><span style="font-size: 1.13rem; max-width:100%"><span style="box-sizing:border-box"><span style="display:inline-block"><span style="box-sizing:border-box; max-width:100%"><span style="display:inline-block"><span style="font-family:微軟正黑體"><span style=""><span style="">它包括一個超聲波發射器，接收器和電路控制器。</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span> <span style="font-size:18px"><span style="box-sizing:border-box"><span style="list-style:none"><span style="font-style:normal"><span style="font-weight:400"><span style="color:#494949"><span style="font-family:"Microsoft JhengHei UI", "Microsoft JhengHei", 微軟正黑體"><span style="font-variant-ligatures:normal"><span style="white-space:normal"><span style="text-decoration-thickness:initial"><span style="text-decoration-style:initial"><span style="text-decoration-color:initial"><span style="line-height:inherit"><span style="font-size: 1.13rem; max-width:100%"><span style="box-sizing:border-box"><span style="display:inline-block"><span style="box-sizing:border-box; max-width:100%"><span style="display:inline-block"><span style="font-family:微軟正黑體"><span style=""><span style="">超聲波模組觸發信號後會發出超聲波。</span><span style="">當超聲波遇到物體並被反射回去時，模組會輸出回聲信號，因此可以根據觸發信號與回聲信號之間的時間差來確定物體的距離。</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span> <span style="font-size:18px"><span style="box-sizing:border-box"><span style="list-style:none"><span style="font-style:normal"><span style="font-weight:400"><span style="color:#494949"><span style="font-family:"Microsoft JhengHei UI", "Microsoft JhengHei", 微軟正黑體"><span style="font-variant-ligatures:normal"><span style="white-space:normal"><span style="text-decoration-thickness:initial"><span style="text-decoration-style:initial"><span style="text-decoration-color:initial"><span style="line-height:inherit"><span style="font-size: 1.13rem; max-width:100%"><span style="box-sizing:border-box"><span style="display:inline-block"><span style="box-sizing:border-box; max-width:100%"><span style="display:inline-block"><span style="font-family:微軟正黑體"><span style=""><span style="">基本工作原理如下： </span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span> <span style=""><span style=""></span></span> <span style="font-size:18px"><span style="box-sizing:border-box"><span style="list-style:none"><span style="font-style:normal"><span style="font-weight:400"><span style="color:#494949"><span style="font-family:"Microsoft JhengHei UI", "Microsoft JhengHei", 微軟正黑體"><span style="font-variant-ligatures:normal"><span style="white-space:normal"><span style="text-decoration-thickness:initial"><span style="text-decoration-style:initial"><span style="text-decoration-color:initial"><span style="line-height:inherit"><span style="font-size: 1.13rem; max-width:100%"><span style="box-sizing:border-box"><span style="display:inline-block"><span style="box-sizing:border-box; max-width:100%"><span style="display:inline-block"><span style="font-family:微軟正黑體"><span style=""><span style="">1.首先將TRIG下拉，然後用至少10us的高平信號觸發；</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span> <span style="font-size:18px"><span style="box-sizing:border-box"><span style="list-style:none"><span style="font-style:normal"><span style="font-weight:400"><span style="color:#494949"><span style="font-family:"Microsoft JhengHei UI", "Microsoft JhengHei", 微軟正黑體"><span style="font-variant-ligatures:normal"><span style="white-space:normal"><span style="text-decoration-thickness:initial"><span style="text-decoration-style:initial"><span style="text-decoration-color:initial"><span style="line-height:inherit"><span style="font-size: 1.13rem; max-width:100%"><span style="box-sizing:border-box"><span style="display:inline-block"><span style="box-sizing:border-box; max-width:100%"><span style="display:inline-block"><span style="font-family:微軟正黑體"><span style="">2.觸發後，模組將自動發送8個40KHZ方波，並自動檢測是否有脈衝信號返回。</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span> <span style="font-size:18px"><span style="box-sizing:border-box"><span style="list-style:none"><span style="font-style:normal"><span style="font-weight:400"><span style="color:#494949"><span style="font-family:"Microsoft JhengHei UI", "Microsoft JhengHei", 微軟正黑體"><span style="font-variant-ligatures:normal"><span style="white-space:normal"><span style="text-decoration-thickness:initial"><span style="text-decoration-style:initial"><span style="text-decoration-color:initial"><span style="line-height:inherit"><span style="font-size: 1.13rem; max-width:100%"><span style="box-sizing:border-box"><span style="display:inline-block"><span style="box-sizing:border-box; max-width:100%"><span style="display:inline-block"><span style="font-family:微軟正黑體"><span style="">3.如果有信號返回，則通過ECHO輸出高平，高平的持續時間實際上是從發送超聲波到返回信號的時間。</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span> <span style="font-size:18px"><span style="box-sizing:border-box"><span style="list-style:none"><span style="font-style:normal"><span style="font-weight:400"><span style="color:#494949"><span style="font-family:"Microsoft JhengHei UI", "Microsoft JhengHei", 微軟正黑體"><span style="font-variant-ligatures:normal"><span style="white-space:normal"><span style="text-decoration-thickness:initial"><span style="text-decoration-style:initial"><span style="text-decoration-color:initial"><span style="line-height:inherit"><span style="font-size: 1.13rem; max-width:100%"><span style="box-sizing:border-box"><span style="display:inline-block"><span style="box-sizing:border-box; max-width:100%"><span style="display:inline-block"><span style="font-family:微軟正黑體"><span style="">測試距離=高平持續時間\*聲速（340m / s）\* 0.5</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span> <div class="thumb tright" style="max-width:100%; text-align:start; width:auto; margin-top:8px; margin-bottom:21px; margin-left:22px"><span style="font-size:18px"><span style="box-sizing:border-box"><span style="color:#494949"><span style="font-family:"Microsoft JhengHei UI", "Microsoft JhengHei", 微軟正黑體"><span style="font-style:normal"><span style="font-variant-ligatures:normal"><span style="font-weight:400"><span style="white-space:normal"><span style="text-decoration-thickness:initial"><span style="text-decoration-style:initial"><span style="text-decoration-color:initial"><span style="clear:right"><span style="float:right"></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><div style="max-width:100%; text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:18px"><span style="box-sizing:border-box"><span style="color:#494949"><span style="font-family:"Microsoft JhengHei UI", "Microsoft JhengHei", 微軟正黑體"><span style="font-style:normal"><span style="font-variant-ligatures:normal"><span style="font-weight:400"><span style="white-space:normal"><span style="text-decoration-thickness:initial"><span style="text-decoration-style:initial"><span style="text-decoration-color:initial"><span style="clear:right"><span style="float:right"><span style="box-sizing:border-box"> </span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></div><div class="magnify" style="max-width:100%; margin-left:3px; text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:18px"><span style="box-sizing:border-box"><span style="color:#494949"><span style="font-family:"Microsoft JhengHei UI", "Microsoft JhengHei", 微軟正黑體"><span style="font-style:normal"><span style="font-variant-ligatures:normal"><span style="font-weight:400"><span style="white-space:normal"><span style="text-decoration-thickness:initial"><span style="text-decoration-style:initial"><span style="text-decoration-color:initial"><span style="clear:right"><span style="float:right"><span style="box-sizing:border-box"><span style="float:right"> </span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></div> </div><span style="font-size:18px"><span style="box-sizing:border-box"><span style="list-style:none"><span style="font-style:normal"><span style="font-weight:400"><span style="color:#494949"><span style="font-family:"Microsoft JhengHei UI", "Microsoft JhengHei", 微軟正黑體"><span style="font-variant-ligatures:normal"><span style="white-space:normal"><span style="text-decoration-thickness:initial"><span style="text-decoration-style:initial"><span style="text-decoration-color:initial"><span style="line-height:inherit"><span style="font-size: 1.13rem; max-width:100%"><span style="box-sizing:border-box"><span style="display:inline-block"><span style="box-sizing:border-box; max-width:100%"><span style="display:inline-block"><span style="font-family:微軟正黑體">**參數**</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span> - <span style="font-size: 1.13rem; max-width:100%"><span style="box-sizing:border-box"><span style="display:inline-block"><span style="box-sizing:border-box; max-width:100%"><span style="display:inline-block"><span style="font-family:微軟正黑體">工作電壓：0.5V（DC）</span></span></span></span></span></span> - <span style="font-size: 1.13rem; max-width:100%"><span style="box-sizing:border-box"><span style="display:inline-block"><span style="box-sizing:border-box; max-width:100%"><span style="display:inline-block"><span style="font-family:微軟正黑體">工作電流：15mA</span></span></span></span></span></span> - <span style="font-size: 1.13rem; max-width:100%"><span style="box-sizing:border-box"><span style="display:inline-block"><span style="box-sizing:border-box; max-width:100%"><span style="display:inline-block"><span style="font-family:微軟正黑體">檢測範圍：2-450cm</span></span></span></span></span></span> - <span style="font-size: 1.13rem; max-width:100%"><span style="box-sizing:border-box"><span style="display:inline-block"><span style="box-sizing:border-box; max-width:100%"><span style="display:inline-block"><span style="font-family:微軟正黑體">檢測角度：15度</span></span></span></span></span></span> - <span style="font-size: 1.13rem; max-width:100%"><span style="box-sizing:border-box"><span style="display:inline-block"><span style="box-sizing:border-box; max-width:100%"><span style="display:inline-block"><span style="font-family:微軟正黑體">輸入觸發脈衝：10us TTL電平</span></span></span></span></span></span> - <span style="font-size: 1.13rem; max-width:100%"><span style="box-sizing:border-box"><span style="display:inline-block"><span style="box-sizing:border-box; max-width:100%"><span style="display:inline-block"><span style="font-family:微軟正黑體">輸出回波信號：輸出TTL電平信號（HIGH），與範圍成比例。</span></span></span></span></span></span>  **連接方式** <span style=""><span style="">將micro:bit插入keyestudio micro:bit傳感器V2擴充版上。然後將超聲波模組連接到keyestudio micro:bit傳感器擴充版。</span></span> <span style=""><span style="">如下圖所示。</span></span> <span style=""><span style=""></span></span> 程式積木(1)  程式積木(2)   <span style="font-size: 1.25rem; max-width:100%; text-align:justify"><span style="box-sizing:border-box"><span style="display:inline-block"><span style="color:#494949"><span style="font-family:"Microsoft JhengHei UI", "Microsoft JhengHei", 微軟正黑體"><span style="font-style:normal"><span style="font-variant-ligatures:normal"><span style="font-weight:400"><span style="white-space:normal"><span style="text-decoration-thickness:initial"><span style="text-decoration-style:initial"><span style="text-decoration-color:initial">範例結果</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><span style="font-size: 1.13rem; max-width:100%; text-align:justify"><span style="box-sizing:border-box"><span style="display:inline-block"><span style="color:#494949"><span style="font-family:"Microsoft JhengHei UI", "Microsoft JhengHei", 微軟正黑體"><span style="font-style:normal"><span style="font-variant-ligatures:normal"><span style="font-weight:400"><span style="white-space:normal"><span style="text-decoration-thickness:initial"><span style="text-decoration-style:initial"><span style="text-decoration-color:initial"><span style="box-sizing:border-box; max-width:100%"><span style="display:inline-block"><span style="font-family:微軟正黑體">接線完成並接上電源後，將上述兩個代碼發送到nicro:bit。您可以獲得相同的距離數據。並且您應該在micro:bit的LED矩陣上看到距離數據。</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span> [程式積木(1)](https://makecode.microbit.org/#pub:27912-10830-20062-12570) [程式積木(2)](https://makecode.microbit.org/#pub:71423-48180-28487-98556)
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